一、電氣成套設(shè)備的 “骨架”：隔板和導(dǎo)軌像櫥柜的層板和掛桿
1、 The "skeleton" of electrical complete equipment: partitions and rails are like the shelves and hanging rods of cabinets
想象你家廚房的櫥柜：層板要是薄了，放滿鍋碗瓢盆就會壓彎；掛桿不結(jié)實，掛微波爐會掉下來。電氣成套設(shè)備里的內(nèi)部隔板和導(dǎo)軌，就相當(dāng)于櫥柜的層板和掛桿 —— 隔板分隔斷路器、接觸器這些 “電氣家伙”，導(dǎo)軌固定它們的位置。當(dāng)要裝大型斷路器、變壓器這類 “重型設(shè)備” 時，它們能不能扛??？
Imagine the cabinets in your kitchen: if the shelves are too thin, they will bend when filled with pots, pans, and utensils; The hanging rod is not sturdy, and hanging the microwave will cause it to fall off. The internal partitions and guide rails in electrical equipment are equivalent to the shelves and hanging rods of cabinets - partitions separate the "electrical guys" such as circuit breakers and contactors, and guide rails fix their positions. When installing heavy equipment such as circuit breakers and transformers, can they withstand it?
二、材質(zhì)選擇：像挑扁擔(dān)一樣看 “硬度”
2、 Material selection: Look at "hardness" like carrying a pole
1. 冷軋鋼板：常見的 “大力士”
1. Cold rolled steel plate: the most common "strongman"
特性：就像工地用的鋼板，強(qiáng)度高、適中，常見厚度 1.2-2mm。2mm 厚的冷軋鋼板隔板，能像挑夫挑重?fù)?dān)一樣，穩(wěn)穩(wěn)扛起 50-80 公斤的設(shè)備（相當(dāng)于 2 臺家用空調(diào)的重量）。
Features: Like steel plates used on construction sites, it has high strength and moderate price, with a common thickness of 1.2-2mm. The 2mm thick cold-rolled steel plate partition can steadily carry equipment weighing 50-80 kilograms (equivalent to the weight of two household air conditioners) like a carrier.
應(yīng)用：多數(shù)工業(yè)配電箱的隔板用這種材質(zhì)，比如工廠里控制電機(jī)的配電柜。
Application: Most industrial distribution boxes use this material for their partitions, such as the distribution cabinets that control motors in factories.
2. 不銹鋼：耐腐蝕的 “特種兵”
2. Stainless steel: a corrosion-resistant "special forces"
優(yōu)勢：像廚房的不銹鋼臺面，不怕潮濕和腐蝕，厚度通常 1.5-2.5mm。某化工廠案例中，2.5mm 厚不銹鋼隔板在酸性環(huán)境下，仍能支撐 100 公斤的防爆開關(guān)。
Advantages: Like stainless steel countertops in kitchens, they are not afraid of moisture and corrosion, with a thickness of usually 1.5-2.5mm. In a case study of a chemical plant, a 2.5mm thick stainless steel partition can still support a 100kg explosion-proof switch in acidic environments.
缺點(diǎn)：比冷軋鋼板貴，但適合潮濕或有腐蝕性氣體的車間。
Disadvantages: More expensive than cold-rolled steel plates, but suitable for workshops with humidity or corrosive gases.
3. 鋁合金：輕量化的 “運(yùn)動員”
3. Aluminum alloy: a lightweight "athlete"
特點(diǎn)：像自行車車架，重量輕但強(qiáng)度不差，常見厚度 2-3mm。3mm 厚鋁合金導(dǎo)軌通過結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化（如加筋設(shè)計），能卡住 20 公斤的接觸器不松動。
Features: Like a bicycle frame, it is lightweight but strong, with a common thickness of 2-3mm. The 3mm thick aluminum alloy guide rail, through structural optimization (such as reinforced design), can hold a 20kg contactor without loosening.
適用場景：需要減輕設(shè)備重量的場合，比如移動發(fā)電車的電氣柜。
Applicable scenarios: occasions where equipment weight needs to be reduced, such as the electrical cabinet of mobile power generation vehicles.
三、厚度秘密：多厚才算 “結(jié)實”？看設(shè)備重量選 “骨架”
3、 Thickness secret: how thick is "firm"? Select 'skeleton' based on the weight of the device
1. 輕型設(shè)備（≤10 公斤）
1. Light equipment (≤ 10 kg)
隔板厚度≥1mm 冷軋鋼板，導(dǎo)軌用 1.5mm 鋁合金即可。就像掛電風(fēng)扇用薄鐵片支架就行。
The thickness of the partition should be ≥ 1mm cold-rolled steel plate, and the guide rail should be made of 1.5mm aluminum alloy. Just like using a thin iron bracket to hang an electric fan.
2. 中型設(shè)備（10-50 公斤）
2. Medium sized equipment (10-50 kg)
隔板要≥1.5mm 冷軋鋼板，導(dǎo)軌換成 2mm 厚不銹鋼。類似掛液晶電視需要更厚的墻壁支架。
The partition should be made of cold-rolled steel plate with a thickness of ≥ 1.5mm, and the guide rail should be replaced with 2mm thick stainless steel. Similar to hanging LCD TVs, thicker wall brackets are required.
3. 重型設(shè)備（＞50 公斤）
3. Heavy equipment (>50 kg)
必須用≥2mm 冷軋鋼板或 2.5mm 不銹鋼隔板，導(dǎo)軌得是 3mm 厚加筋設(shè)計。比如工廠里 60 公斤的變壓器，需要像承重墻一樣的 2.5mm 厚鋼板隔板支撐。
Cold rolled steel plates of ≥ 2mm or stainless steel partitions of 2.5mm must be used, and the guide rails must be designed with 3mm thick reinforcement. For example, a 60 kilogram transformer in a factory requires a 2.5mm thick steel plate partition to support it like a load-bearing wall.
四、安裝方式：像搭積木一樣講究 “穩(wěn)固性”
4、 Installation method: Emphasize "stability" like building blocks
1. 螺栓固定：穩(wěn)妥的 “硬連接”
1. Bolt fixation: the most secure "hard connection"
做法：隔板用 M6-M10 的螺栓（像粗筷子）固定在柜體上，導(dǎo)軌通過螺栓或焊接固定。某機(jī)械廠案例中，用 M8 螺栓固定的 2mm 鋼板隔板，扛住了 80 公斤的啟動器震動。
Method: The partition is fixed to the cabinet with M6-M10 bolts (like thick chopsticks), and the guide rail is fixed by bolts or welding. In a case study of a certain machinery factory, a 2mm steel plate partition fixed with M8 bolts withstood 80 kilograms of starter vibration.
關(guān)鍵：螺栓間距不能超過 20 厘米，否則像桌子腿太寬會晃。
Key: The distance between bolts should not exceed 20 centimeters, otherwise it may sway like a table leg that is too wide.
2. 卡槽 + 導(dǎo)軌組合：快速安裝的 “樂高式”
2. Card slot+guide rail combination: a quick installation "Lego style"
原理：導(dǎo)軌像貨架的掛桿，設(shè)備通過卡槽掛上去，隔板用鎖扣固定。某自動化生產(chǎn)線的電氣柜，用這種方式 30 分鐘裝完 10 臺 30 公斤的變頻器。
Principle: The guide rail is like a hanging rod on a supermarket shelf, and the equipment is hung up through a card slot. The partition is fixed with a lock buckle. The electrical cabinet of a certain automated production line can install 10 30 kilogram frequency converters in 30 minutes using this method.
承重技巧：卡槽必須是金屬材質(zhì)，深度≥1.5 厘米，防止設(shè)備 “滑出”。
Load bearing technique: The card slot must be made of metal material with a depth of ≥ 1.5 centimeters to prevent the equipment from slipping out.
3. 加強(qiáng)筋設(shè)計：給隔板 “加肋骨”
3. Reinforcement design: Adding ribs to the partition
做法：在隔板背面焊上條形鋼板（加強(qiáng)筋），像紙箱加橫梁更結(jié)實。某礦山設(shè)備的隔板加筋后，承重從 50 公斤提升到 120 公斤。
Method: Weld strip steel plates (reinforcing ribs) on the back of the partition, like a cardboard box with crossbeams, to make it more sturdy. After reinforcing the partition of a certain mining equipment, the load-bearing capacity increased from 50 kilograms to 120 kilograms.
實例：大型空壓機(jī)的控制柜，隔板加筋后能放 100 公斤的配電柜。
Example: The control cabinet of a large air compressor can hold a 100kg distribution cabinet with reinforced partitions.
五、如何判斷現(xiàn)有設(shè)備能否扛重型設(shè)備？三招簡單自測
5、 How to determine if existing equipment can carry heavy equipment? Three simple self tests
1. 敲一敲隔板
1. Knock on the partition
用手指敲隔板，聲音沉悶的（如 2mm 鋼板）比清脆的（1mm 鋼板）更結(jié)實，像敲實心墻和空心墻的區(qū)別。
Knocking on the partition with your fingers produces a dull sound (such as 2mm steel plate) that is stronger than a crisp sound (1mm steel plate), like the difference between solid walls and hollow walls.
2. 看導(dǎo)軌固定孔
2. Check the fixing holes of the guide rail
固定孔直徑≥6mm（能插筷子），且孔數(shù)每米≥4 個，說明能扛重設(shè)備，像大橋的橋墩孔多更穩(wěn)。
The fixed hole diameter is ≥ 6mm (able to insert chopsticks), and the number of holes per meter is ≥ 4, indicating that it can carry heavy equipment, such as bridge piers with more stable holes.
3. 算設(shè)備重量分布
3. Calculate the weight distribution of the equipment
比如 50 公斤的設(shè)備放在 1 米 ×0.5 米的隔板上，每承重 100 公斤，若隔板是 2mm 鋼板，就像在水泥地上放冰箱，沒問題。
For example, if a 50 kilogram device is placed on a 1 meter by 0.5 meter partition, with a load-bearing capacity of 100 kilograms per square meter, and the partition is made of 2mm steel plate, it is like placing a refrigerator on a cement floor, no problem.
就像蓋房子要選結(jié)實的建材，電氣成套設(shè)備想扛住重型設(shè)備，隔板和導(dǎo)軌得是 “鋼筋鐵骨”！
Just like building a house requires selecting sturdy building materials, electrical equipment needs to withstand heavy equipment, and partitions and rails need to be "steel bars and iron bones"!
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