彎工藝是鈑金機(jī)箱機(jī)柜加工工序之一，鈑金件折彎的精密度是怎么計(jì)算的呢？什么是彎曲件?

Bending process is one of the processing procedures of sheet metal cabinet. How to calculate the bending precision of sheet metal parts? What is a curved part?

由于在我們的生產(chǎn)生活當(dāng)中，很多產(chǎn)品和設(shè)備都不是單一的直線條形設(shè)計(jì)，于是就需要具有一定弧度的結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行連接。彎曲工藝初是被應(yīng)用于板式的加工，是板式加工中的一種基本形式。而彎曲件就是板式彎曲結(jié)構(gòu)工藝中的零件，每一個(gè)基本的加工零件，不管體型和形狀差異，統(tǒng)稱為彎曲件。

Because in our production and life, many products and equipment are not a single linear strip design, so we need a certain radian structure for connection. Bending process was originally applied to plate processing, which is a basic form of plate processing. The bending part is the part in the plate bending structure process. Every basic processed part, regardless of the shape and shape difference, is collectively referred to as the bending part.

對于鈑金折彎結(jié)構(gòu)加工工藝來說，其很多構(gòu)成都有相應(yīng)的算法來進(jìn)行比例的設(shè)計(jì)和要求，就如同上文提到的工藝孔、工藝槽和缺口。除此之外，鈑金折彎結(jié)構(gòu)工藝還對很多方面有相關(guān)的算法要求。鈑金折彎結(jié)構(gòu)工藝重要的就是對鈑金材料的彎邊進(jìn)行加工，而一般來說，鈑金材料的彎邊通常有道彎邊，第二道彎邊，和第三道彎邊。

For the processing technology of sheet metal bending structure, many of its components have corresponding algorithms to carry out the proportion design and requirements, just like the process holes, process grooves and gaps mentioned above. In addition, the process of sheet metal bending structure also has relevant algorithm requirements in many aspects. The most important process of sheet metal bending structure is to process the bending edge of sheet metal material. Generally speaking, the bending edge of sheet metal material usually has the first bending edge, the second bending edge and the third bending edge.

不同彎邊結(jié)構(gòu)的鈑金折彎加工都有不同的算法來進(jìn)行設(shè)定要求，并且彎邊與槽口還有著很密切的聯(lián)系。以道彎邊為基礎(chǔ)，往后的一道或多道彎邊的彎曲率都與其相關(guān)，受其影響。而道彎邊的小高度，一般要大于等于槽口寬度與兩倍的折彎角度的比值，如果比例不恰當(dāng)，就會(huì)造成彎邊的變形或彎邊的曲率不足，直接影響工件的加工，造成加工的失敗。當(dāng)嚴(yán)格按比例設(shè)定加工了道彎邊后，第二道彎邊的高度要比道彎邊的高度要高，第二道彎邊的刃口尺寸也要比道灣邊大，并且兩道彎邊的角度不能大于45 度，而第三道彎邊的高度也要比第二道彎邊要高。所以彎邊的加工是一項(xiàng)復(fù)雜的工作，彎邊的數(shù)量越多，對操作的要求也越高，一旦有一道彎邊不符合比例設(shè)定，那么工件的完整性就會(huì)被破壞。折彎的彎曲半徑也有相應(yīng)的數(shù)據(jù)要求，彎曲半徑越小，工件所受的拉力越大，如果彎曲半徑的比例不正確，加工出的零件就不能有很好的穩(wěn)定性。通常來說，鈑金材料厚度為0.4毫米的，其小彎曲半徑為8 到10 毫米；鈑金厚度為0.5毫米的，其小彎曲半徑為15 到20 毫米；鈑金厚度為0.6 毫米的，其小彎曲半徑為25 到30 毫米；鈑金厚度為一毫米的，其小彎曲半徑為45 到50 毫米；而鈑金厚度為1.5 毫米的，其小彎曲半徑為55 到60 毫米。對于折彎的部分，如果在其彎曲線附近有孔時(shí)，設(shè)計(jì)要求需要保證孔在彎曲變形區(qū)域之外，防止彎曲過程中孔發(fā)生變形。孔邊線到彎曲半徑中心的距離有如下要求，當(dāng)孔為圓形時(shí)，如果鈑金材料厚度。

Sheet metal bending with different edge bending structures has different algorithms to set the requirements, and the edge bending is closely related to the notch. Based on the first bend, the bending rate of one or more subsequent bends is related to and affected by it. The minimum height of the first bend is generally greater than or equal to the ratio of the notch width to twice the bending angle. If the ratio is inappropriate, it will cause the deformation of the bend or insufficient curvature of the bend, which will directly affect the processing of the workpiece and cause the failure of processing. When the first bend is processed in strict proportion, the height of the second bend is higher than that of the first bend, the blade size of the second bend is also larger than that of the first bend, and the angle of the two bends cannot be greater than 45 degrees, while the height of the third bend is also higher than that of the second bend. The more complicated the bending operation is, the higher the number of bending edges will be. The bending radius of bending also has corresponding data requirements. The smaller the bending radius, the greater the tensile force on the workpiece. If the proportion of bending radius is incorrect, the processed parts cannot have good stability. Generally speaking, the minimum bending radius of sheet metal material with a thickness of 0.4 mm is 8 to 10 mm; For sheet metal thickness of 0.5mm, the minimum bending radius is 15 to 20mm; For sheet metal with thickness of 0.6 mm, the minimum bending radius is 25 to 30 mm; If the sheet metal thickness is 1mm, the minimum bending radius is 45 to 50mm; For sheet metal with a thickness of 1.5mm, the minimum bending radius is 55 to 60mm. For the bent part, if there is a hole near the bending curve, the design requirements need to ensure that the hole is outside the bending deformation area to prevent the hole from deformation during the bending process. The distance from the hole edge line to the center of the bending radius has the following requirements. When the hole is circular, if the thickness of the sheet metal material.

小于2 毫米，那么圓孔到彎曲半徑中心的距離應(yīng)該大于其鈑金厚度；如果鈑金材料厚度大于2 毫米，那么孔與彎曲半徑中心距離應(yīng)該大于鈑金材料厚度的兩倍。當(dāng)孔為方形時(shí)，根據(jù)其相關(guān)的測量數(shù)據(jù)，孔的每一邊長應(yīng)該大于2.5 到3 倍的板材厚度，才能保證孔不會(huì)變形。為了使鈑金折彎加工的零件成角美觀，成角工藝口的設(shè)計(jì)也有相關(guān)的數(shù)據(jù)要求。如鈑金材料厚度為1 到1.2 毫米的，一般不需要工藝口來進(jìn)行裝飾；而鈑金厚度為1.5 毫米的，一般成角工藝口直徑為3.2 毫米；鈑金厚度為2 到2.5 毫米的，一般成角工藝口直徑為3.5毫米；鈑金厚度為三毫米的，成角工藝口的直徑為4.8 毫米。

If it is less than 2mm, the distance from the circular hole to the center of the bending radius should be greater than its sheet metal thickness; If the thickness of the sheet metal material is greater than 2mm, the distance between the hole and the center of the bending radius should be greater than twice the thickness of the sheet metal material. When the hole is square, according to the relevant measurement data, the length of each side of the hole should be greater than 2.5 to 3 times the plate thickness to ensure that the hole will not deform. In order to make the angled parts of sheet metal bending beautiful, the design of angled process port also has relevant data requirements. For example, if the thickness of sheet metal material is 1 to 1.2mm, the process port is generally not required for decoration; For sheet metal with a thickness of 1.5mm, the diameter of the corner forming process port is generally 3.2mm; For sheet metal with a thickness of 2 to 2.5mm, the diameter of the chamfering process port is generally 3.5mm; If the thickness of the sheet metal is 3mm, the diameter of the angled process port is 4.8mm.

鈑金的彎曲結(jié)構(gòu)加工工藝是鈑金加工工藝中的一個(gè)難點(diǎn)，其加工有很多的數(shù)據(jù)要求，并且對設(shè)備的要求也極高。但是鈑金的彎曲結(jié)構(gòu)加工所得到的弧形工件，在我們的日常生活中應(yīng)用廣泛，有很大的市場需求量。所以，我們要提高對鈑金的彎曲加工工藝的重視，增加其產(chǎn)品設(shè)計(jì)的工藝性，對模具也要不斷的進(jìn)行更新，在降低成本的同時(shí)也要保證工件的質(zhì)量。要不斷對這項(xiàng)技術(shù)進(jìn)行探索，引入的理念，為了鈑金加工工藝在我國能得到更好的發(fā)展而努力。

The bending structure processing technology of sheet metal is a difficult point in the sheet metal processing technology. Its processing has a lot of data requirements, and the requirements for equipment are also very high. However, the curved workpiece obtained from the bending structure processing of sheet metal is widely used in our daily life and has a great market demand. Therefore, we should pay more attention to the bending process of sheet metal, increase the manufacturability of its product design, constantly update the mold, and ensure the quality of the workpiece while reducing the cost. We should constantly explore this technology, introduce advanced ideas, and strive for the better development of sheet metal processing technology in China.