In order to prevent the damage or accident of high-voltage electrical equipment in operation and ensure the personal safety of operation and maintenance personnel and equipment operation safety, it is necessary to check and identify the health status of equipment through insulation handover test and preventive test. We can understand the insulation level of equipment through high voltage test and eliminate the blind spots of equipment defects. If the insulation defect is found in the test, it indicates that we must repair the equipment, and replace the power equipment when necessary, so as to prevent the insulation breakdown of the equipment in operation, so as to avoid major irreversible losses such as power failure.

一般來(lái)說(shuō)，高壓電氣試驗(yàn)主要分為預(yù)防性試驗(yàn)及交接性試驗(yàn)。依據(jù)設(shè)備劃分主要包括：對(duì)變壓器試驗(yàn)、對(duì)電壓互感器試驗(yàn)、對(duì)電流互感器試驗(yàn)、對(duì)避雷器試驗(yàn)、對(duì)斷路器試驗(yàn)、對(duì)電力電纜試驗(yàn)、對(duì)高壓母排試驗(yàn)、多高壓電機(jī)試驗(yàn)。對(duì)于不同的設(shè)備應(yīng)嚴(yán)格按照嚴(yán)格規(guī)程規(guī)定試驗(yàn)項(xiàng)目和內(nèi)容進(jìn)行試驗(yàn)。其中絕緣耐壓試驗(yàn)是基本和重要的電氣試驗(yàn)。

Generally speaking, high voltage electrical test is mainly divided into preventive test and handover test. According to the equipment classification, it mainly includes: transformer test, voltage transformer test, current transformer test, arrester test, circuit breaker test, power cable test, high voltage bus test and multi high voltage motor test. For different equipment, test items and contents shall be carried out in strict accordance with strict regulations. The insulation withstand voltage test is the most basic and important electrical test.

預(yù)防性試驗(yàn)可以這樣分為兩種：一種是絕緣特性試驗(yàn)，這是一種非破壞性試驗(yàn)，通過(guò)測(cè)量各種特性參數(shù)如絕緣電阻、介質(zhì)損耗角正切值、泄漏電流等參數(shù)情況來(lái)判斷設(shè)備絕緣內(nèi)部是否有缺陷，該試驗(yàn)在電壓條件要求較低，不會(huì)損壞設(shè)備內(nèi)部絕緣。該種絕緣特性試驗(yàn)非常有效，但無(wú)法僅靠它來(lái)有效判斷絕緣耐電強(qiáng)度，這是該試驗(yàn)的缺憾。

Preventive test can be divided into two types: one is insulation characteristic test, which is a non-destructive test. By measuring various characteristic parameters such as insulation resistance, dielectric loss tangent value, leakage current and other parameters to determine whether there are defects in the equipment insulation, the test requires low voltage conditions, and will not damage the internal insulation of the equipment. This kind of insulation characteristic test is very effective, but it can't be used to judge the insulation resistance effectively, which is the defect of this test.

還有一種是耐壓試驗(yàn)，該試驗(yàn)是一種破壞性試驗(yàn)，在試驗(yàn)中對(duì)設(shè)備加高電壓，使其超過(guò)設(shè)備工作電壓，這時(shí)對(duì)設(shè)備絕緣有著非常大的考驗(yàn)，同時(shí)能發(fā)現(xiàn)一些危險(xiǎn)性較大的缺陷和一些集中性的缺陷，并能保證絕緣的耐電強(qiáng)度達(dá)到一定的水平，這會(huì)對(duì)絕緣造成一定程度的損傷。耐壓試驗(yàn)又分為交流耐壓和直流耐壓，其缺憾是會(huì)給絕緣造成一定的損傷。兩種試驗(yàn)各有所長(zhǎng)，需根據(jù)實(shí)際情況和需要選擇適合的試驗(yàn)。

There is also a withstand voltage test, which is a destructive test. In the test, the voltage of the equipment is increased to make it exceed the working voltage of the equipment. At this time, it has a very big test on the insulation of the equipment. At the same time, it can find some dangerous defects and some concentrated defects, and ensure that the electrical strength of the insulation reaches a certain level, This will cause a certain degree of damage to the insulation. Voltage withstand test is divided into AC voltage withstand test and DC voltage withstand test. Each of the two tests has its own advantages, so it is necessary to select the appropriate test according to the actual situation and needs.

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